Thursday, November 1, 2007

SQL Server: Delete the duplicate data from a table.

this article is to show the simple solution I came up with to delete the duplicate data from a table, even if that data is considered unique by SQL Server. I know there are many ways to delete duplicate data, but bear with me as I explain my way. As always, if you have another way, great write it up and let us know about it. If not, look over these scripts and see if you can use them to create your own method.
Before I get into the example that actually deals with the described problem, I am going to start by showing a method to delete simple duplicate data for those who may be new to SQL Server and do not know how to clean up duplicate data from a table.

/**********************************************
Example of a simple duplicate data delete script.
**********************************************/
/**********************************************
Set up test environment
**********************************************/
SET NOCOUNT ON
--Create test table
IF OBJECT_ID('tDupData') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE tDupData
GO
CREATE TABLE tDupData
(
lngCompanyID INTEGER
,strCompanyName VARCHAR(20)
,strAddress VARCHAR(10)
,dtmModified DATETIME
)
--Create test data
INSERT INTO tDupData VALUES (1,'CompanyOne','Address1','01/15/2003')
INSERT INTO tDupData VALUES (2,'CompanyTwo','Address2','01/15/2003')
INSERT INTO tDupData VALUES (3,'CompanyThree','Address3','01/15/2003')
INSERT INTO tDupData VALUES (2,'CompanyTwo','Address','01/16/2003')
INSERT INTO tDupData VALUES (3,'CompanyThree','Address','01/16/2003')
-- Dup Data
INSERT INTO tDupData VALUES (1,'CompanyOne','Address1','01/15/2003')
GO
/**********************************************
Finish set up
**********************************************/
/**********************************************
Simple duplicate data
**********************************************/
--Create temp table to hold duplicate data
CREATE TABLE #tempduplicatedata
(
lngCompanyID INTEGER
,strCompanyName VARCHAR(20)
,strAddress VARCHAR(10)
,dtmModified DATETIME
)
--Identify and save dup data into temp table
INSERT INTO #tempduplicatedata
SELECT * FROM tDupData
GROUP BY lngCompanyID,strCompanyName,strAddress, dtmModified
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
--Confirm number of dup rows
SELECT @@ROWCOUNT AS 'Number of Duplicate Rows'
--Delete dup from original table
DELETE FROM tDupData
FROM tDupData
INNER JOIN #tempduplicatedata
ON tDupData.lngCompanyID = #tempduplicatedata.lngCompanyID
AND tDupData.strCompanyName = #tempduplicatedata.strCompanyName
AND tDupData.strAddress = #tempduplicatedata.strAddress
AND tDupData.dtmModified = #tempduplicatedata.dtmModified
--Insert the delete data back
INSERT INTO tDupData
SELECT * FROM #tempduplicatedata
--Check for dup data.
SELECT * FROM tDupData
GROUP BY lngCompanyID,strCompanyName,strAddress,dtmModified
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
--Check table
SELECT * FROM tDupData
--Drop temp table
DROP TABLE #tempduplicatedata
--drop test table
IF OBJECT_ID('tDupData') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE tDupData
GO

As you can see, it is not hard to delete data that is duplicated across all columns of a table. What is harder to do is to delete data that you consider duplicate based on your business rules while SQL Server considers it unique data. This usually happens when one or more columns contain different data, but your business rules have determined that because the main columns of the table are the same, you have duplicate data. This usually happens when you have a problem during a data load and data is loaded multiple times generating new timestamps or identity values for each row. The identify value or the data field will cause uniqueness in the data and the simple delete method will fail.